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Among the many apocalyptic writings preserved outside the canonical Bible, few are as haunting and profound as 2 Esdras (also known as 4 Ezra). But a natural question arises: Is this text authentic? And if so, in what sense?
See MoreThere is no direct quotation or explicit mention of 2 Esdras (4 Ezra) in the extant writings of Polycarp or Ignatius of Antioch. But the situation is worth unpacking further.
See MoreThe most direct and explicit reference to the Book of Enoch in the New Testament comes from Jude, the half-brother of Jesus:
See MoreHere's a breakdown of 1 Enoch, also known as the Ethiopic Book of Enoch, including historical background, structure, dating, and influence:
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